Arithmetic Reasoning— Concepts, Formulas & Shortcuts
- Identify what is actually being asked before extracting any number.
- Translate keywords: "each" implies multiplication or division, "total" implies addition.
- Draw or tabulate when several quantities interact.
- Check the units of the answer — people, rupees, days — against the question.
- Estimate first; an answer wildly off the estimate signals a translation error.
- Re-read the question after solving to confirm you answered what was asked.
Arithmetic Reasoning Practice Questions with Answers
Attempt each question first, then open the explanation. All 10 questions below are free to read and require no signup.
Q1.A shopkeeper packs 12 pens in each box. How many boxes are needed for 150 pens?
Moderate- A12
- B12.5
- C13
- D14
Arithmetic Reasoning question 1 of 10+Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: C. 13
Explanation: 150/12 = 12.5, and since a partial box still counts, 13 boxes are needed.
Q2.A student scores 60, 75 and 90 in three tests. His average score is:
Easy- A70
- B72
- C75
- D78
Arithmetic Reasoning question 2 of 10+Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: C. 75
Explanation: (60 + 75 + 90)/3 = 225/3 = 75.
Q3.If 4 shirts cost ₹1,200, the cost of 7 shirts is:
Easy- A₹1,800
- B₹2,100
- C₹2,400
- D₹2,800
Arithmetic Reasoning question 3 of 10+Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: B. ₹2,100
Explanation: One shirt costs ₹300 → 7 × 300 = ₹2,100.
Q4.A bus carries 45 passengers. How many buses are needed for 320 passengers?
Moderate- A7
- B8
- C9
- D10
Arithmetic Reasoning question 4 of 10+Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: B. 8
Explanation: 320/45 ≈ 7.1, so 8 buses are required.
Q5.A worker earns ₹450 per day. His earnings for 26 working days are:
Easy- A₹10,800
- B₹11,250
- C₹11,700
- D₹12,150
Arithmetic Reasoning question 5 of 10+Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: C. ₹11,700
Explanation: 450 × 26 = ₹11,700.
Q6.In a class of 45, the ratio of boys to girls is 5 : 4. The number of girls is:
Moderate- A18
- B20
- C22
- D25
Arithmetic Reasoning question 6 of 10+Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: B. 20
Explanation: Total 9 parts → 1 part = 5 → girls = 4 × 5 = 20.
Q7.A tank holds 500 litres. If 3/5 is used, the remaining quantity is:
Easy- A150 L
- B200 L
- C250 L
- D300 L
Arithmetic Reasoning question 7 of 10+Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: B. 200 L
Explanation: Remaining = 2/5 × 500 = 200 litres.
Q8.A man spends 70% of his salary and saves ₹6,000. His salary is:
Moderate- A₹18,000
- B₹20,000
- C₹22,000
- D₹24,000
Arithmetic Reasoning question 8 of 10+Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: B. ₹20,000
Explanation: Savings = 30% of salary = 6,000 → salary = ₹20,000.
Q9.Ten identical machines produce 500 units per hour. How many units will 6 machines produce in 3 hours?
Moderate- A750
- B900
- C1,000
- D1,200
Arithmetic Reasoning question 9 of 10+Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: B. 900
Explanation: One machine makes 50 units/hour → 6 × 50 × 3 = 900 units.
Q10.A rope 60 m long is cut into pieces of 4.5 m each. The number of complete pieces obtained is:
Difficult- A12
- B13
- C14
- D15
Arithmetic Reasoning question 10 of 10+Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: B. 13
Explanation: 60/4.5 = 13.33, so 13 complete pieces can be cut.
Arithmetic Reasoning — Frequently Asked Questions
Why do candidates lose marks in arithmetic reasoning despite good arithmetic?+
Because they compute the wrong quantity. The questions often ask for a remainder, a difference or a per-unit figure when the obvious calculation gives the total.
What is a good check on the final answer?+
Confirm the units and rough magnitude. If a question asks how many buses are needed and you get 7.4, the answer must be rounded up to 8 — a fractional bus is meaningless.
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