Python Operators

Arithmetic Operators

These perform basic math, such as addition, subtraction and multiplication, which you already saw in the numbers lesson.

print(10 + 3, 10 - 3, 10 * 3, 10 / 3, 10 // 3, 10 % 3, 10 ** 2)

Comparison Operators

These compare two values and always return a boolean result, True or False.

print(5 == 5, 5 != 3, 5 > 3, 5 < 3, 5 >= 5, 5 <= 4)

Logical Operators

and, or and not combine or invert boolean expressions, which is essential for writing more complex conditions later.

age = 22
has_id = True
print(age >= 18 and has_id)  # True
print(age < 18 or has_id)    # True
print(not has_id)            # False

Assignment Operators

Assignment operators store a value in a variable, and shorthand versions like += update a variable based on its current value.

score = 10
score += 5   # same as score = score + 5
print(score) # 15

Membership and Identity Operators

in and not in check whether a value exists inside a collection like a list or string, while is and is not check whether two variables point to the exact same object in memory.

fruits = ["apple", "mango"]
print("apple" in fruits)      # True
print("banana" not in fruits) # True

x = None
print(x is None)              # True

Quick Reference Table